Interpretation

In consecutive translation, the translator first hears a certain part of the speaker's speech, and when the speaker is silent, he translates that part into another language as it is. During continuous translation, the speaker usually takes a break every 1-5 minutes (at the end of each paragraph or idea), creating conditions for the translation of the text. Another source indicates that the speech may take 15 minutes. At this time, the translator takes notes for himself. There are also cases in the history of translation when a speaker speaks for an hour without interruption, and then turns to an interpreter for translation. Some interpreters advise that the interpreter may ask the speaker to stop when the memory is sufficiently loaded. One of the most important requirements for a sequential translator is its note-taking ability. Because it is very difficult to memorize an entire paragraph without losing detail. Other characteristic features are short-term memory, good presentation skills and persuasiveness. A person can remember a few words in a minute, but it is not a question of whether or not they can remember a few words in sequence. When listening to a certain piece continuously, one's memory is loaded. If the main points of the speech are written down in the form of notes, and then translated by looking at them, then the translator does not get tired, and at the same time, the work done is effective.

One of the two forms of interpreting is simultaneous interpreting, which takes place at the same time as the actual speech. A simultaneous interpreter sits in a booth equipped with special equipment, translates the speech he hears through headphones and says it into a microphone. Depending on the order of the words in the sentence, the fact that the news comes at the end causes difficulty in simultaneous translation into English. Because it is not known whether the opinion is affirmed or denied if the sentence is not complete. Therefore, sometimes the simultaneous translator has to translate the sentence at the expense of his understanding. Therefore, simultaneous interpretation requires a strong hearing ability and a broad worldview from the specialist. The translator is required to gather his thoughts for at least half an hour. Considering this physical capacity of the translator, in the simultaneous translation booth, they should replace each other every 20 minutes or half an hour. The history of simultaneous translation dates back to the middle of the 20th century. This type of translation was used for the first time at the Nuremberg trial. Since then, many conferences have been held, and participants listen to speeches in their own language or in one of the international languages at approximately the same time. Simultaneous interpretation is considered appropriate and convenient for many people speaking different languages, diplomatic negotiations, as well as other processes. This is due to the fact that the time is doubled in simultaneous translation, that is, the report and its translation end at the same time. It is also called "conference interpreting" because it is used more often at UN sessions and international conferences than simultaneous interpreting.

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The other most common form of simultaneous interpretation is whispering. Whispered translation is also called "ehuchotage" in French. This type of translation is usually used in events where the number of foreign representatives speaking the target language is small. During a whispered translation, the translator sits next to the foreign representative and whispers what he heard in his ear in such a way that only this person who needs the translation hears it, and does not interfere with other representatives. When two people need interpretation, the dilmanj sits in the row behind them so that he can whisper in the right ear of one of the guests and close to the left ear of the other. If there are more than two interpreters, the translation of two or more interpreters is used. In this case, the translation of one translator can be delivered to several people with a special device.